准备工作

这是 《Linux 下纯手工搭建 PHP 环境》 2026 年重构版本！

这几年我们不断迭代，文档存在遗留代码也存在错误的说明，本次重构主要涉及：

文档内容紧凑，提升阅读体验；
修复已知错误；
优化目录结构；
优化一键脚本；
升级一键构建包；

包列表

主要涉及发行版和软件包如下。

发行版包列表包下载地址目录结构

zsh

➜ ~ uname -a
Linux debian13 6.12.63+deb13-amd64 #1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Debian 6.12.63-1 (2025-12-30) x86_64 GNU/Linux

root ➜ ~ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Debian
Description:    Debian GNU/Linux 13 (trixie)
Release:        13
Codename:       trixie

1. sqlite-autoconf-3510200.tar.gz
2. redis-8.6.0.tar.gz
3. postgresql-18.1.tar.bz2
4. php-8.5.2.tar.xz
    - apcu-5.1.28.tgz
    - redis-6.3.0.tgz
    - xdebug-3.5.0.tgz
5. nginx-1.28.2.tar.gz
    - openssl-3.5.5.tar.gz
    - pcre2-10.47.tar.bz2
    - zlib-1.3.1.tar.xz
6. mysql-8.4.8.tar.gz

| package    | url                                           |
| ---------- | --------------------------------------------- |
| SQLite3    | https://www.sqlite.org/                       |
| Redis.1    | https://github.com/redis/redis-hashes         |
| Redis.2    | https://download.redis.io/redis-stable.tar.gz |
| PostgreSQL | https://www.postgresql.org/                   |
| PHP        | https://www.php.net/                          |
| PHP extend | http://pecl.php.net/                          |
| Nginx      | http://nginx.org/                             |
| zlib       | http://www.zlib.net/                          |
| openssl    | https://openssl-library.org/                  |
| pcre2      | https://github.com/PCRE2Project/pcre2         |
| MySQL      | https://www.mysql.com/                        |

zsh

root ➜ ~ lt5 /server -l --no-time
Permissions Size User     Name
drwxr-xr-x     - root     /server
drwxr-x---     - mysql    ├── data
drwxr-xr-x     - root     ├── default
drwxr-xr-x     - root     ├── etc
drwxr-x---     - mysql    │   ├── mysql
drwxr-x---     - nginx    │   ├── nginx
drwxr-x---     - nginx    │   │   └── custom
drwxr-x---     - php      │   ├── php
drwxr-x---     - php      │   │   ├── 85
drwxr-x---     - php      │   │   │   ├── php-fpm.d
drwxr-x---     - php      │   │   │   │   ├── default.conf
drwxr-x---     - php      │   │   │   │   ├── ...
drwxr-x---     - php      │   │   │   └── php-fpm.conf
drwxr-x---     - php      │   │   └── tools
drwxr-x---     - postgres │   ├── postgres
drwx------     - postgres │   │   └── tls
.rw-------  1.6k postgres │   │       ├── ...
drwxr-x---     - redis    │   └── redis
drwxr-x---     - redis    │       ├── config
drwxr-x---     - redis    │       │   ├── custom
.rw-r-----   109 redis    │       │   │   ├── ...
.rw-r-----  1.5k redis    │       │   ├── redis.conf
.rw-r-----   13k redis    │       │   ├── source-full.conf
.rw-r-----  114k redis    │       │   └── source.conf
drwx------     - redis    │       └── tls
.rw-------  1.9k redis    │           ├── ...
drwxr-xr-x     - root     ├── logs
drwxr-x---     - mysql    │   ├── mysql
drwxr-x---     - mysql    │   │   └── binlog
drwxr-x---     - nginx    │   ├── nginx
drwxr-x---     - nginx    │   │   ├── access
drwxr-x---     - nginx    │   │   └── error
drwxr-x---     - php      │   ├── php
drwxr-x---     - postgres │   ├── postgres
.rw-r-----   53k postgres │   │   ├── postgres-09.json
.rw-r-----  1.0k postgres │   │   ├── postgres-09.log
.rw-------  2.8k postgres │   │   ├── ...
drwxr-x---     - postgres │   │   └── wal_archive
.rw-------   17M postgres │   │       ├── ...
drwxr-x---     - redis    │   └── redis
drwxr-xr-x     - redis    │       ├── rdbData
.rw-r-----   102 redis    │       │   └── dump.rdb
.rw-r-----  5.5k redis    │       ├── redis-server.log
.rw-r-----  5.5k redis    │       ├── redis-server.log-20260208.1770554537
.rw-r-----  5.5k redis    │       ├── ...
drwxr-x---     - mysql    ├── mysql
drwxr-x---     - nginx    ├── nginx
drwxr-xr-x     - root     ├── ohmyzsh
drwxr-xr-x     - root     │   ├── ...
drwx------     - postgres ├── pgData
drwx------     - postgres │   ├── ...
.rw-------   723 postgres │   ├── pg_hba.conf
.rw-------  5.7k postgres │   ├── pg_hba.conf.bak
.rw-------   193 postgres │   ├── pg_ident.conf
.rw-------  2.7k postgres │   ├── pg_ident.conf.bak
.rw-------     3 postgres │   ├── PG_VERSION
drwx------     - postgres │   ├── pg_wal
.rw-------   17M postgres │   │   ├── 000000010000000000000007
.rw-------   17M postgres │   │   ├── ...
drwx------     - postgres │   │   ├── archive_status
drwx------     - postgres │   │   └── summaries
.rw-------    88 postgres │   ├── postgresql.auto.conf
.rw-------   35k postgres │   ├── postgresql.conf
.rw-------   33k postgres │   ├── postgresql.conf.bak
.rw-------    52 postgres │   ├── postmaster.opts
.rw-------    88 postgres │   └── postmaster.pid
drwxr-x---     - php      ├── php
drwxr-x---     - php      │   └── 85
drwxr-x---     - postgres ├── postgres
drwxr-x---     - postgres │   ├── ...
drwxr-x---     - redis    ├── redis
drwxr-x---     - redis    │   └── bin
.rwxr-x---  6.6M redis    │       ├── redis-benchmark
lrwxrwxrwx     - redis    │       ├── redis-check-aof -> redis-server
lrwxrwxrwx     - redis    │       ├── redis-check-rdb -> redis-server
.rwxr-x---  7.5M redis    │       ├── redis-cli
lrwxrwxrwx     - redis    │       ├── redis-sentinel -> redis-server
.rwxr-x---   20M redis    │       └── redis-server
drwxr-x---     - nginx    ├── sites
drwxr-x---     - nginx    │   ├── available
drwxr-x---     - nginx    │   ├── enabled
drwxr-x---     - nginx    │   └── tls
drwxr-x---     - sqlite3  ├── sqlite3
drwxr-x---     - sqlite3  │   ├── bin
.rwxr-x---  7.3M sqlite3  │   │   └── sqlite3
drwxr-x---     - sqlite3  │   ├── include
.rw-r-----  672k sqlite3  │   │   ├── sqlite3.h
.rw-r-----   39k sqlite3  │   │   └── sqlite3ext.h
drwxr-x---     - sqlite3  │   ├── lib
.rw-r-----  8.9M sqlite3  │   │   ├── libsqlite3.a
lrwxrwxrwx     - sqlite3  │   │   ├── libsqlite3.so -> libsqlite3.so.3.51.2
lrwxrwxrwx     - sqlite3  │   │   ├── libsqlite3.so.0 -> libsqlite3.so.3.51.2
.rw-r-----  4.9M sqlite3  │   │   ├── libsqlite3.so.3.51.2
drwxr-x---     - sqlite3  │   │   └── pkgconfig
.rw-r-----   275 sqlite3  │   │       └── sqlite3.pc
drwxr-x---     - sqlite3  │   └── share
drwxr-x---     - sqlite3  │       └── ...
.rw-r--r--     0 root     └── ...

一键脚本

这几个脚本可以快速创建、授权目录，清理系统缓存。

zsh

#!/usr/bin/env bash

# 用户列表
users=(
  "2001:sqlite3"
  "2002:redis"
  "2003:postgres"
  "2005:php"
  "2006:nginx"
  "2007:mysql"
);

# 函数定义
funcCreateUser() {
  local uid username
  IFS=':' read -r uid username <<< "$1"

  echo "正在创建用户:  $username (UID: $uid)"

  groupadd -g $uid $username
  useradd -c "$username related process user" \
  -g $username -u $uid -s /sbin/nologin -m $username
  cp -r /root/.zshrc /home/$username
  chown $username:$username -R /home/$username/.zshrc
  ln -s /server/ohmyzsh /home/$username/.oh-my-zsh
}

# 主循环
for user in "${users[@]}"; do
    funcCreateUser "$user"
done

# 用户与组的关系
usermod -a -G postgres,sqlite3 php
usermod -a -G sqlite3,redis,postgres,php,nginx,mysql emad

# 开发者创建的文件 [nginx 工作进程用户] 和 [php 工作进程用户] 需要能读取
usermod -a -G emad nginx
usermod -a -G emad php

zsh

#!/usr/bin/env bash

items=(
    '/www'
    '/server'

    '/server/default'
    '/server/logs'
    '/server/etc'

    '/server/sqlite3'

    '/server/redis'
    '/server/logs/redis'
    '/server/logs/redis/rdbData'
    '/server/etc/redis'
    '/server/etc/redis/tls'
    '/server/etc/redis/config'
    '/server/etc/redis/config/custom'

    '/server/postgres'
    '/server/pgData'
    '/server/logs/postgres'
    '/server/logs/postgres/wal_archive'
    '/server/etc/postgres'
    '/server/etc/postgres/tls'

    '/server/php'
    '/server/php/85'
    '/server/logs/php'
    '/server/etc/php'
    '/server/etc/php/tools'
    '/server/etc/php/85'
    '/server/etc/php/85/php-fpm.d'

    '/server/nginx'
    '/server/logs/nginx'
    '/server/logs/nginx/access'
    '/server/logs/nginx/error'
    '/server/etc/nginx'
    '/server/etc/nginx/custom'

    '/server/mysql'
    '/server/data'
    '/server/logs/mysql'
    '/server/logs/mysql/binlog'
    '/server/etc/mysql'

    '/server/sites'
    '/server/sites/tls'
    '/server/sites/available'
    '/server/sites/enabled'
)

# 主循环
for item in "${items[@]}"; do
    if [ ! -d "$item" ]; then
        mkdir -p "$item"
    fi
done

zsh

#!/usr/bin/env bash

FuncRunPower(){
    local DirPerm filePerm
    # 判断权限
    if [[ "$2" == "root" ]]; then
        DirPerm=755
        filePerm=644
    else
        DirPerm=750
        filePerm=640
    fi
    chown "$2":"$2" -R "$1"
    find "$1" -type d -exec chmod $DirPerm {} \;
    find "$1" -type f -exec chmod $filePerm {} \;
    echo "目录 $1 权限已设置为 目录:$DirPerm 文件:$filePerm"
}

rootItems=(
    '/server'
);

wwwItems=(
    '/www'
);

sqlite3Items=(
    '/server/sqlite3'
);

redisItems=(
    '/server/redis'
    '/server/logs/redis'
    '/server/etc/redis'
);

postgresItems=(
    '/server/postgres'
    '/server/pgData'
    '/server/logs/postgres'
    '/server/etc/postgres'
);

phpItems=(
    '/server/php'
    '/server/logs/php'
    '/server/etc/php'
);

nginxItems=(
    '/server/nginx'
    '/server/logs/nginx'
    '/server/etc/nginx'
    '/server/sites'
);

mysqlItems=(
    '/server/mysql'
    '/server/data'
    '/server/logs/mysql'
    '/server/etc/mysql'
);

# 循环
for item in "${rootItems[@]}"; do
    FuncRunPower "$item" 'root'
done
for item in "${wwwItems[@]}"; do
    FuncRunPower "$item" 'emad'
done
for item in "${sqlite3Items[@]}"; do
    FuncRunPower "$item" 'sqlite3'
done
for item in "${redisItems[@]}"; do
    FuncRunPower "$item" 'redis'
done
for item in "${postgresItems[@]}"; do
    FuncRunPower "$item" 'postgres'
done
for item in "${phpItems[@]}"; do
    FuncRunPower "$item" 'php'
done
for item in "${nginxItems[@]}"; do
    FuncRunPower "$item" 'nginx'
done
for item in "${mysqlItems[@]}"; do
    FuncRunPower "$item" 'mysql'
done

zsh

#!/usr/bin/env bash

printf "\033c"
echo_cyan(){
  printf '\033[1;36m%b\033[0m\n' "$@"
}
echo_green(){
  printf '\033[1;32m%b\033[0m\n' "$@"
}
echo_red(){
  printf '\033[1;31m%b\033[0m\n' "$@"
}
echo_yellow(){
  printf '\033[1;33m%b\033[0m\n' "$@"
}

echo_cyan "删除/var/cache/apt/archives/下所有包文件"
apt clean
echo_cyan "仅删除过期的缓存文件"
apt autoclean
echo_cyan "删除不再被依赖的软件包"
apt autoremove --purge
echo_cyan "立即清空日志"
rm -rf /var/log/*

echo_cyan "是否清理zsh_history文件(1清理/默认不清理)："
read num
if [[ "$num" = "1" ]]; then
  echo_yellow "开始清理终端历史文件文件"
  rm /home/{sqlite3,redis,postgres,php,nginx,mysql,emad}/.{zsh,bash}_history
  rm /home/{sqlite3,redis,postgres,php,nginx,mysql,emad}/.{z,viminfo}
  rm /home/{sqlite3,redis,postgres,php,nginx,mysql,emad}/.zcompdump-*
  rm /root/.{zsh,bash}_history
  rm /root/.{z,viminfo}
  rm /root/.zcompdump-*
  echo_yellow "清理终端历史文件结束"
else
  echo_yellow "不清理 .zsh_history 文件"
fi

echo_red "警告⚠️：请谨慎执行此脚本！！！"
echo_yellow "清理日志需停止服务"
echo_cyan "是否清理lnmpp日志(1清理/默认不清理)："
read num1
if [ "$num1" = "1" ]; then
  echo_green "先停止服务"
  systemctl stop {redis,postgres,php85-fpm,nginx,mysqld}.service
  echo_green "开始清理redis日志"
  find /server/logs/redis/ -maxdepth 1 -type f -exec rm {} \;
  echo_green "开始清理postgres日志"
  find /server/logs/postgres/ -maxdepth 1 -type f -exec rm {} \;
  echo_green "开始清理php日志"
  find /server/logs/php/ -type f -exec rm {} \;
  echo_green "开始清理nginx默认日志目录"
  find /server/nginx/logs/ -type f -exec rm {} \;
  echo_green "开始清理nginx错误日志"
  find /server/logs/nginx/error/ -type f -exec rm {} \;
  echo_green "开始清理nginx访问日志"
  find /server/logs/nginx/access/ -type f -exec rm {} \;
  echo_green "开始清理mysql错误日志"
  find /server/logs/mysql/ -type f -exec rm {} \;
  echo_green "清理lnmpp日志完成"
else
  echo_yellow "不清理lnmpp日志"
fi

echo_red "警告⚠️：请谨慎执行此脚本！！！"
echo_cyan "是否清理二进制日志(1清理/默认不清理)："
read num2
if [ "$num2" = "1" ]; then
  echo_green "先停止服务"
  systemctl stop {redis,postgres,php85-fpm,nginx,mysqld}.service
  echo_green "开始清理PostgreSQL预写式日志（已归档）"
  rm /server/logs/postgres/wal_archive/*
  # echo_green "开始清理PostgreSQL预写式日志（当前不可删除）"
  # find /server/pgData/pg_wal/ -maxdepth 1 -type f -exec rm {} \;
  echo_green "开始清理MySQL二进制日志"
  rm /server/logs/mysql/binlog/*
  echo_green "清理lnpp日志完成"
else
  echo_yellow "不清理数据库二进制日志"
fi

echo_cyan "是否清理Redis本地存储(1清理/默认不清理)："
read num3
if [[ "$num3" = "1" ]]; then
  echo_yellow "开始清理Redis本地存储"
  find /server/logs/redis/rdbData/ -type f -exec rm {} \;
  # find /server/logs/redis/rdbData/ -maxdepth 1 -type f -exec rm {} \;
  # find /server/logs/redis/rdbData/appendonlydir/ -maxdepth 1 -type f -exec rm {} \;
  echo_yellow "清理Redis本地存储结束"
else
  echo_yellow "不清理Redis本地存储"
fi

echo_cyan "是否启动服务(1启动/默认不启动)："
read num2
if [ "$num2" = "1" ]; then
  systemctl start {redis,postgres,php85-fpm,nginx,mysqld}.service
  echo_green "服务已重新启动"
else
  echo_yellow "未重启服务，请手动启动"
fi

编译套件

这些包是编译软件时最常用到的依赖项

bash

apt install --no-install-recommends \
build-essential autoconf pkg-config -y

bash

apt install --no-install-recommends \
tcl -y

bash

apt install --no-install-recommends \
libsystemd-dev libssl-dev -y

bash

apt install --no-install-recommends \
llvm-dev clang libicu-dev liblz4-dev libzstd-dev liburing-dev \
bison flex libreadline-dev zlib1g-dev uuid-dev -y

bash

apt install --no-install-recommends \
libcurl4-openssl-dev libpng-dev libjpeg-dev libfreetype-dev \
libonig-dev libsodium-dev libargon2-dev -y

bash

apt install --no-install-recommends \
libxslt1-dev libgd-dev libgeoip-dev -y

bash

apt install --no-install-recommends \
cmake libtirpc-dev -y

准备工作 ​

包列表 ​

一键脚本 ​

编译套件 ​

准备工作

包列表

一键脚本

编译套件